Africa – Up in smoke 2
The second report on Africa and global warming from the
Working Group on Climate Change and Development
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A Project of the Migrant Farm Worker Division of Colorado Legal Services and
Equal Justice Works
During 2001, a group of Colorado migrant
farm worker children was exposed to pesticide
drift.
The children experienced symptoms of
severe organophosphate poisoning, requiring
hospitalization.
A man working in a Colorado
field breathed too...
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A Project of the Migrant Farm Worker Division of Colorado Legal Services and Equal Justice Works During 2001, a group of Colorado migrant farm worker children was exposed to pesticide drift. The children experienced symptoms of severe organophosphate poisoning, requiring hospitalization. A man working in a Colorado field breathed too large a dose of insecticides. He was admitted to the emergency room with a heart rate of thirty-four. A group of field workers attempted to avoid the poison from a crop duster that doused them with pesticides. The workers ran from the toxic spray, attempting to deflect it by spraying a water hose. Across Colorado, farm workers and their children experienced chronic skin rashes, irritated eyes and no training in pesticides. Farm workers labor in pesticide-laden fields, hand picking fruits and vegetables. The Environmental Protection Agency says reported cases indicate that tens of thousands of farm workers are poisoned by pesticides every year. Bec
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Modern Agricultural Practices: A dilemma of farmer and
farm worker’s health in cash crop zone in the
Maharashtra State.
Dhere Amar M.
Indira College of Commerce and Science, Pune, India.
Javadekar Prahcee P.
Indira Institute of Management Studies, Pune, MS, India.
Jagtap Mahesh P.
Indira College of Commerce and Science, Pune,...
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Modern Agricultural Practices: A dilemma of farmer and farm worker’s health in cash crop zone in the Maharashtra State. Dhere Amar M. Indira College of Commerce and Science, Pune, India. Javadekar Prahcee P. Indira Institute of Management Studies, Pune, MS, India. Jagtap Mahesh P. Indira College of Commerce and Science, Pune, MS, India. Introduction Agriculture is the mainstay of Indian economy. Agriculture and agriculture allied sectors contribute nearly 22 % of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of India, while about 65 -70 % of population depends on agriculture for livelihood1 . The scenario of Indian agriculture has changed drastically after first green revolution in 1960. Now a days synthetic pesticides and fertilizers (agrochemicals) have become inevitable part in Indian agriculture especially in the cash crop growing zones. Indian farmer is using wide ranges of chemical pesticides to limit the losses from pests and diseases, in which insecticides account for 73%, herbicides
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How Do We Live With the Use of
Chemicals to Feed the World?
Symposium at the 2005
Annual Meeting of the AAAS
“Can We Feed the World
Without Poisoning the Earth?”
February 19, 2005
Washington, D.
C.
Charles M.
Benbrook Ph.
D.
Sandpoint, Idaho
Posted at http://www.
biotech-info.
net/AAAS_2005.
htm
“To Poison”
The exposure of...
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How Do We Live With the Use of Chemicals to Feed the World? Symposium at the 2005 Annual Meeting of the AAAS “Can We Feed the World Without Poisoning the Earth?” February 19, 2005 Washington, D. C. Charles M. Benbrook Ph. D. Sandpoint, Idaho Posted at http://www. biotech-info. net/AAAS_2005. htm “To Poison” The exposure of an organism to a substance that kills or weakens the organism, or otherwise undermines its fitness. The basic question – to what degree are agricultural pesticides poisoning the earth? Poisoning Whom? Vulnerable Organisms • Non-crop vegetation in fields • Birds • Small aquatic invertebrates • Earthworms, bees, and other beneficial insects • Fish in some ecosystems • Those at the top of food chains, e. g. people Vulnerable Places Farm fields and surrounding areas – about 11 percent of the globe’s land area Surface waters and estuaries near intensively farmed regions Forests and rangelands where pesticides are routinely applied – a small share of the total Inside
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Bulletin ofthe World Health Organization, 65 (4): 521-527 (1987) O World Health Organization 1987
Survey of acute pesticide poisoning among
agricultural workers in four Asian countries*
J.
JEYARATNAM, K.
C.
LUN,2 & W.
0.
PHOON3
The study investigated the extent ofacute pesticide poisoning in selected agricultural
communities in...
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Bulletin ofthe World Health Organization, 65 (4): 521-527 (1987) O World Health Organization 1987 Survey of acute pesticide poisoning among agricultural workers in four Asian countries* J. JEYARATNAM, K. C. LUN,2 & W. 0. PHOON3 The study investigated the extent ofacute pesticide poisoning in selected agricultural communities in Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka and Thailand, as well as the contributing factors, because it is believed that this type ofpoisoning is a majorproblem in developing countries, but not in the industrialized countries, despite their extensive use ofpesticides. The study confirmed the existence ofthisproblem, which wasfound to be due to inadequate knowledge of the safe practices in the use ofpesticides among users and to the lack of suitable protective clothing for use by agricultural workers in hot and humid climates. Agricultural workers who constitute nearly threequarters of the labour force in the poorest countries (1) of the world use pesticides to prot
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In order to minimize the environmental impacts of the Secretariat’s processes, and to contribute to the Secretary-General’s
initiative for a C-Neutral UN, this document is printed in limited numbers.
Delegates are kindly requested to bring their copies to
meetings and not to request additional copies.
CBD
Distr.
GENERAL...
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In order to minimize the environmental impacts of the Secretariat’s processes, and to contribute to the Secretary-General’s initiative for a C-Neutral UN, this document is printed in limited numbers. Delegates are kindly requested to bring their copies to meetings and not to request additional copies. CBD Distr. GENERAL UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/14/INF/35 28 April 2010 ENGLISH ONLY SUBSIDIARY BODY ON SCIENTIFIC, TECHNICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL ADVICE Fourteenth meeting Nairobi, 10-21 May 2010 Item 4. 2 of the provisional agenda* COMPILATION OF EXPERIENCES IN THE FIELD OF CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION, SOIL MANAGEMENT AND PASTORALISM IN DRY AND SUB-HUMID LANDS Note by the Executive Secretary INTRODUCTION 1. Paragraph 8 (c) of decision IX/17 on the biodiversity of dry and sub-humid lands requests the Executive Secretary, in cooperation with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification and other relevant organization
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Pavan Sukhdev
Special Adviser and Head – Green Econmy Initiative
United Nations Environment Programme
Lima,
Peru,
24th March, 2011
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Organic agriculture and climate change
Nadia El-Hage Scialabba* and Maria Mu¨ller-Lindenlauf
Natural Resources Management and Environment Department, Food and Agriculture Organization of the
United Nations (FAO), Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy.
*Corresponding author: nadia.
scialabba@fao.
org
Accepted 2 February...
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Organic agriculture and climate change Nadia El-Hage Scialabba* and Maria Mu¨ller-Lindenlauf Natural Resources Management and Environment Department, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy. *Corresponding author: nadia. scialabba@fao. org Accepted 2 February 2010 Review Article Abstract This article discusses the mitigation and adaptation potential of organic agricultural systems along three main features: farming system design, cropland management and grassland and livestock management. An important potential contribution of organically managed systems to climate change mitigation is identified in the careful management of nutrients and, hence, the reduction of N2O emissions from soils. Another high mitigation potential of organic agriculture lies in carbon sequestration in soils. In a first estimate, the emission reduction potential by abstention from mineral fertilizers is calculated to be about 20% and the
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African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology Vol.
4(13), pp.
903-912, December 2010 Special Review
Available online at http://www.
academicjournals.
org/AJEST
ISSN 1991-637X ©2010 Academic Journals
Review
Climate impacts, forest-dependent rural livelihoods and
adaptation strategies in Africa: A review
Olufunso A....
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African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology Vol. 4(13), pp. 903-912, December 2010 Special Review Available online at http://www. academicjournals. org/AJEST ISSN 1991-637X ©2010 Academic Journals Review Climate impacts, forest-dependent rural livelihoods and adaptation strategies in Africa: A review Olufunso A. Somorin1,2 1 Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Yaoundé Cameroon. 2 Forest and Nature Conservation Policy Group, Wageningen University, the Netherlands. E-mail: o. somorin@cgiar. org. Tel: +237 22 22 74 4/51. Fax: +237 22 22 74 50. Accepted 25 December, 2010 The long term contribution of forests to the livelihoods of the rural poor had been long appreciated. More than half of Africa’s fast-growing population rely directly and indirectly on forests for their livelihoods. As the continent faces stresses from poverty and economic development, another major uncertainty is looming that could alter many of the relationships between people and fo
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United States
Farmworker Factsheet
Farmworkers are some of our nation’s most vital workers, as their labor
enables us to enjoy high quality, low-cost, fresh fruits and vegetables all
year round.
Despite farmworkers’ economic and cultural contributions to the
communities where they live and work, they continue to be the some of...
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United States Farmworker Factsheet Farmworkers are some of our nation’s most vital workers, as their labor enables us to enjoy high quality, low-cost, fresh fruits and vegetables all year round. Despite farmworkers’ economic and cultural contributions to the communities where they live and work, they continue to be the some of the lowest paid, least protected, and unhealthiest workers in the United States. Overview of Farm Work Agricultural labor includes planting, cultivating, harvesting and preparing crops for market or storage. 1 Migrant farmworkers travel from place to place to work in agriculture and move into temporary housing while working; seasonal farmworkers work primarily in agriculture, but live in one community year-round. 1 Farmworkers are usually employed by farm owners or by “crew leaders,” who serve as intermediaries between growers and workers. The H2A program allows foreign “guestworkers” to perform seasonal farm work under a temporary work visa designed for agric
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0
An Epidemiological and!
ARC HIV
110756
Occupational
Pesticide
Exposure
among
Kenyan
Agricultural
Workers
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1
DRAFT FOR COMMENT
Using Microfinance to Ensure Sustainable Rural Livelihoods and Food
Security While Mitigating Climate Change – PART II: CLIMATE
CHANGE.
By
Alex Counts, President, Grameen Foundation
Summary/Abstract
Three interlocking and indeed reinforcing crises facing the world’s poor, and to some degree all
of humanity,...
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1 DRAFT FOR COMMENT Using Microfinance to Ensure Sustainable Rural Livelihoods and Food Security While Mitigating Climate Change – PART II: CLIMATE CHANGE. By Alex Counts, President, Grameen Foundation Summary/Abstract Three interlocking and indeed reinforcing crises facing the world’s poor, and to some degree all of humanity, call out for urgent action. Specifically, this paper is going to explore the issues of • energy poverty – the lack of access to affordable, healthful, and productive electricity and cooking fuel among the poor, • climate change, and • the inability of many of today’s approaches to microfinance to (a) have a significant positive impact on poverty and (b) sustain the high levels of support amongst the media, policy-makers and the general public that are necessary to continue to grow and innovate. A comprehensive response should involve wide application of a series of related solutions based on successful pilot efforts in countries as diverse as Bangladesh, India
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Biomedica Vol.
23 (Jul.
- Dec.
2007)
E:/Biomedica Vol.
23 Jul.
– Dec.
2007/Bio-1 (A)
EVALUATION OF SUSPECTED CHRONIC PESTICIDE
POISONING AMONG RESIDENTS NEAR AGRICULTURE FIELDS
1AFTAB TURABI, 2AHMED DANYAL, 3SAUD HASSAN, 4YUSAF SALAT
5MANSOOR AHMAD, 6M.
A.
RASHID, 7AFZAL HAQ ASIF
1-5,7Department of Pharmacology, Islamic...
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Biomedica Vol. 23 (Jul. - Dec. 2007) E:/Biomedica Vol. 23 Jul. – Dec. 2007/Bio-1 (A) EVALUATION OF SUSPECTED CHRONIC PESTICIDE POISONING AMONG RESIDENTS NEAR AGRICULTURE FIELDS 1AFTAB TURABI, 2AHMED DANYAL, 3SAUD HASSAN, 4YUSAF SALAT 5MANSOOR AHMAD, 6M. A. RASHID, 7AFZAL HAQ ASIF 1-5,7Department of Pharmacology, Islamic International Medical College, Rawalpindi 2,7Frontier Medical College, Abbottabad, 3Dow Medical College, and 4Sind Medical College, Karachi, 5Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Univ. of Karachi 6Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Foundation Medical College, Rawalpindi The present study was performed to evaluate the incidence of organophosphorus toxicity among agrarian and non agrarian subjects residing near agriculture fields. The location of this study was Nawakot village, Multan. From the cotton producing area of Multan, 225 volunteers (farmers) including 103 females and 122 males were selected. Children <12 years of age constitute
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MITIGATION
PRACTITIONER’S
HANDBOOK
Presented by:
U.
S.
Agency for International Development
Bureau for Humanitarian Response
Office of U.
S.
Foreign Disaster Assistance
Prevention, Mitigation, Preparedness and Planning
Division (BHR/OFDA/PMPP)
October 1998
Page 1
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United Nations
Educational, Scientific and
Cultural Organization
Division of Ecological and
Earth Sciences
Scientific Committee
on Problems of the Environment
United Nations
Environment Programme
International Assessment of Agricultural
Knowledge, Science and Technology
for Development
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Organic agriculture and climate change
Nadia El-Hage Scialabba* and Maria Mu¨ller-Lindenlauf
Natural Resources Management and Environment Department, Food and Agriculture Organization of the
United Nations (FAO), Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy.
*Corresponding author: nadia.
scialabba@fao.
org
Accepted 2 February...
Mais
Organic agriculture and climate change Nadia El-Hage Scialabba* and Maria Mu¨ller-Lindenlauf Natural Resources Management and Environment Department, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy. *Corresponding author: nadia. scialabba@fao. org Accepted 2 February 2010 Review Article Abstract This article discusses the mitigation and adaptation potential of organic agricultural systems along three main features: farming system design, cropland management and grassland and livestock management. An important potential contribution of organically managed systems to climate change mitigation is identified in the careful management of nutrients and, hence, the reduction of N2O emissions from soils. Another high mitigation potential of organic agriculture lies in carbon sequestration in soils. In a first estimate, the emission reduction potential by abstention from mineral fertilizers is calculated to be about 20% and the
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1
CONFERENCE ON ECOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE:
MITIGATING CLIMATE CHANGE, PROVIDING FOOD SECURITY AND
SELF-RELIANCE FOR RURAL LIVELIHOODS IN AFRICA
African Union Headquarters, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
26-28 November 2008
REPORT
Introduction
The Conference on Ecological Agriculture: Mitigating Climate Change, Providing Food
Security and...
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1 CONFERENCE ON ECOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE: MITIGATING CLIMATE CHANGE, PROVIDING FOOD SECURITY AND SELF-RELIANCE FOR RURAL LIVELIHOODS IN AFRICA African Union Headquarters, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 26-28 November 2008 REPORT Introduction The Conference on Ecological Agriculture: Mitigating Climate Change, Providing Food Security and Self-Reliance for Rural Livelihoods in Africa was held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia on 26-28 November 2008. It was organised by the African Union (AU), UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Ethiopia, in collaboration with the Institute for Sustainable Development (ISD), Ethiopia and the Third World Network (TWN). Over 80 participants from 15 African countries - Benin, Burundi, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe - attended the Conference. The participants included policy makers, agriculture experts representing governments, NG
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